Questions On Motivation And Performance Theories - 1270 Words

Liza Nozdrina Today I will be discussing four more motivation and performance theories, presented by Clayton P. Alderfer; Johan P. Campbell, Marvin D. Dunnette, Edward E. Lawler 3rd and Karl E. Weick Jr.; Steven Kerr and Gray P. Latham and Edwin A.Locke and many othes. First two theories are still based on the classic motivation theories, but show them from a different angle. Second two raise the issue of goal setting – practical use of motivation. First of all ERG theory is discussed. Creating his classification, Alderfer came mainly from the fact that all the needs can be organized into separate groups. This is quite similar to Maslow’s idea, but the difference is that according to Adelfer’s theory there are only three main groups of needs (which form the ERG name of the theory as existence, relatedness, growth). These needs are: †¢ Existence – these needs include all the physiological needs and security needs according to Maslow. To make them more understandable the author specifies them as â€Å"they can be divided among people in such a way, that one person’s gain another loss when recourses are limited† †¢ Relatedness – communication needs, reflecting the social nature of a man. Those needs include his willingness of being related to the world around him, the need of self-affirmation, self-recognition, the presence of society, like colleagues, friends, family, even enemies and being a part of it. †¢ Growth - this is about human needs associated withShow MoreRelatedLet1 Task 11087 Words   |  5 PagesBehavioral Influences - Expectation Theory of Motivation ______________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This paper explores a contemporary and widely accepted motivational theory known as Expectancy theory of motivation introduced by Victor Vroom in 1964. It will first explain the three key components and relationships of the expectancy theory of motivation. These components include Expectancy, Instrumentality and Valence. In addition, it willRead More Motivation Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesThe focus of this paper is to discuss what motivation is and ways managers can acquire the most out of our employees. Managers must ask themselves certain questions in the work place when comes to motivation. Why do some people work hard and others coast? Why do some leaders have high-producing units and others, with employees of comparable background, have low producing ones? Why are some organizations noted for a culture in which employees are highly motivated and enjoy work, whereas others areRead MoreThe Theory And Integrated Control Theory976 Words   |  4 Pagessecond motivation the ory is the Integrated Control Theory. The Integrated Control Theory offers a design for analyzing and processing work motivation and organizational problem solving. It allows individuals to develop expectations, plan and execute actions, receive environmental feedback, compare feedback to expectations and adjust behavior accordingly (Klein, 1989). Klein chose the name control theory because it is a compilation of various overlapping theories of motivation. The theory also incorporatedRead MoreThe Theory Of Expectancy Theory901 Words   |  4 PagesMotivation: Question Set A The first theory I selected was expectancy theory. Expectancy theory is a motivational theory describing the cognitive processes individuals engage in when faced with several voluntary responses (Vroom, 1964). The theory suggests that an individual’s motivation will be based on their perception of the likelihood that their effort will lead to successful performance of a task (expectancy); a high level of performance will result in a desired outcome (instrumentality);Read MoreMaslow s Theory Of Organizational Roles And Leisure Time Activities1218 Words   |  5 Pages E.R.G Theory assumes people’s environmental settings in the form of organizational roles and leisure-time activities such as jobs, college life, academic work, and extracurricular activities under Alderfer’s categories of needs which he believes are active in all living persons. All people are alike in that they possess some degree of each need but they differ in the strength of their needs. The question arises, how strong is each need in each person’s life? Maslow s Theory of Needs offers propositionsRead MoreThe Inner Drive of Motivation984 Words   |  4 PagesMotivation is simply means an inner drive to behave or act in a certain manner. To relate Organization and Human Resource, motivation is defined as the processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal. There are three key elements of motivation, which are intensity, direction, and persistence. Intensity is refers to how hard a person tries on something. Direction is the orientation, path or guideline that benefits the organizationRead MoreTo what extent do McDonalds use motivational theories to enhance the performance of their employees and hence increase efficiency/productivity? Are these methods effective?1609 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent do McDonalds use motivational theories to enhance the performance of their employees and hence increase efficiency/productivity? Are these methods effective? Introduction McDonalds is a large multinational company that supplies millions of people with fast food. It is important for them to ensure that the workforce they employ is working to their full potential. McDonalds are very customer/ market orientated. They depend on a reputation for customer service. If employees are notRead MoreAnalyze the Case Study in Work Motivation Attitude Essays1706 Words   |  7 PagesIndustrial Organizational Psychology (IOP) Individuals, Organizations, and the Social Context of Work Analyze the Case Study in Work Motivation and Attitude Defining Work Motivation Fundamental to the study of Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology is the understanding of what motivates employees within an organization. According to Nevid (2013), motivation is defined as factors that activate, direct, and sustain goal-directed behavior. Motives are the whys of behavior - the needs orRead MoreWhy Should A Firm Seek Help Motivate And Satisfy It Employees?1289 Words   |  6 Pageson increased employee motivation and satisfaction correlated directly with the overall business effectiveness (Watson, 1994, p. 4). Increasingly businesses are recognizing the importance of motivated workforces, thus the issue becomes a question of how should a firm seek to motivate and satisfy it employees? Conventional wisdom may tell us that the answer to this question is money, however, what numerous theories and frameworks have demonstrated over time is that motivation is not merely as simpleRead MoreEvaluate to What Extent Expectancy Theory and Goal Theory Can Explain Motivation at Work645 Words   |  3 Pagesof expectancy theory and goal theory explain motivation within the workplace. Vroom and Locke crafted these theories to understand the deeper significance of motivation. This analysis will not only encompass the juxtaposing concepts, but also the resemblance of the philosophies put in place by the academics. These models are known as process theories of motivation, this emphasises the immediate connexion the two engage as they both contain decision-making responsibilities. The question being asked

The First World War Essay - 632 Words

The First World War was commonly known for its lack of movement for soldiers on all sides. World War I took place on the Western Front from the autumn of 1914 to the spring of 1918. During the First Battle of the Marne, German advances were pushed back by the Allied forces. To stop themselves from loosing land they â€Å"dug in† and made protective trenches. The Allied forces were unable to break through the German line as a result did the same and made trenches of their own. Death was an event that many soldiers had met on the front lines daily. Due to attacks launched by air raids with large shell bursts numerous men were buried in the process of defending themselves. An often occurrence for many soldiers is being hit with a precisely aimed†¦show more content†¦It took about 12 weeks away from the trench to recover. Lice were not identified for Trench Fever until 1918. To prevent sickness many men opt to have their heads shaved to avoid nit and lice. Another medical condition that bothered life was Trench Foot. It was a fungi infection in the feet area caused by cold, wet and unsanitary trench conditions. Amputation was necessary when the infection get too out of hand. Trench Foot was common at the beginning of the war; it improved and faded in 1915 as conditions became better. The Daily life of a typical solider in a battalion was like a cycle each day. Men began their morning by waking to orders by their officers and sergeants. They had to climb up on a fire step to guard it from an enemy raid. Both sides actually new they were coming for each other, but they prepared themselves for attacks that were carried out anyways. In the early hours machine gun fires were heard from both sides along with shelling and small arms aimed at the fronts. It helped ensured safety at dawn. Next some areas would have rum being distributed to the men. They would soon attend to clean their rifle equipment that later officers had inspections for. Now breakfast is serve and eaten, as forces from both sides would have an unofficial truce. These truces would last long as it seemed as the quietest times during life in the front lines. Inspections take place right when breakfast ends, as a company orShow MoreRelatedThe First World War1809 Words   |  8 Pages The first world war was one of the most brutal and remorseless events in history; ‘the global conflict that defined a century’. Over nine million soldiers and a large amount of innocent civilians lost their lives. Empires crumbled, revolution engulfed Russia and America rose to become a dominant world power. Huge armies deployed new weapons of devastating effect from rifles and pistols to torpedoes and flame throwers. These weapons were used not only in the trenches but by tanks too. This was anRead MoreThe First World War : The Great War1600 Words   |  7 Pages The First World War sometimes referred to as the European War was more commonly referred to as the Great War. So much in the world was changed by this war, so it simply by most known as the Great War. â€Å"It is because no other war until then had had such an impact on the world. It was the first war to affect all of the major nations of Europe and the world. It took many lives and changed the lives of m illions more.† (Rivera, 2014) Some countries do not refer to the war as great because theyRead MoreDiscussing The First World War1432 Words   |  6 PagesWhen discussing the First World War, there are a myriad of topics, theories and debates that can be brought up, especially when its regarding to its breakout and and what lead to it. There are multiple direct and indirect causes that all are interconnected with one another, making it very difficult to just discuss about one topic without it overlapping with another completely different topic.　One of the most unquestionable causes that lead to the outbreak of the war was the alliance system that wasRead MoreThe Causes Of The First World War1406 Words   |  6 PagesOption A: What in your view were the causes of the First World War? How have historians’ views on the war changed over time? Historical events are crucial in human thoughts since they understand themselves better in the present through analyzing their past occurrences. Historical events help us to know the causes of certain past events, therefore, making the cause to entail long-term ideology events and actions. Nevertheless, the causes of certain events may differ depending on the scale of historyRead MoreCauses of the First World War1164 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War I Essay When a nation’s hunger for power and control become too great, the nation may be pushed to do things that may have harsh consequences. This was the case in the early 1900’s when the world engaged in its first major global military conflict. There were a number of causes of the First World War; due to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany accepted full responsibility for the war. Although the Germans had a large contribution in starting the war, they should not be fully heldRead MoreWeapons of the First World War698 Words   |  3 Pages Research Overview of WW1 Weapons During World War I many new kinds of weapons and technology were invented and improved. Some of these weapons included tanks, chemical and biochemical weapons, grenades, and machine guns. Chemical Warfare was used for the first time on a large scale in World War I. There are two main types of chemical warfare, one affects the surface of the body they come in contact with and the other affects the nervous system. Almost all chemical warfare weapons needed to beRead MoreThe First World War I1305 Words   |  6 PagesJahnecke Mrs. Schartner U.S. History 2 AP/IB 19 October 2015 Unit 3 Notebook Essay The First World War fought from 1914 to 1918 was one of the largest and most brutal catastrophes fought in the 20th century. With nearly the entire European continent fighting a barbaric and everlasting war, the U.S. had eventually to get involved in order to reinitiate stability to Europe. Ultimately, the U.S. taking involvement in World War I had a profound political, economic, and social impact on the country. It increasedRead MoreOrigins of the First World War1435 Words   |  6 PagesThe First World War was an international conflict which erupted in July 1914 involving various nations across the world. Many historians and those who have studied the Great War tend to give varied opinions as to what initially sparked the outbreak. However, although these opinions between researchers differ, they do all tend to revolve around the hostility between the great powers of Europe, the violent assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and the controversial piecesRea d MoreThe Causes Of The First World War1395 Words   |  6 PagesThe causes of the First World War were similar and differed from the causes of the Second World War politically, economically, and socially. Both of these significant, historical events were substantially affected by the interaction of dominating societies during this time period. During the First World War, these leading societies were the European authorities of Britain, Germany, and Austria, with slight assistance from the U.S. However, the United States allocated their full engagement duringRead MoreThesis on the First World War1510 Words   |  6 PagesAttention step: the change in the context and trend of war in terms of ferocity of the weapons and the increase in human/nations participation was occasioned by the industrial revolution and the French revolution. B. Thesis: The First World War stimulated the greatest changes in warfare because it brought about new technology and industry development, advancement in science, and improved infrastructure and communication; essentially the First World War combined the legacies of the French and Industrial

New Learning And Clinical Reasoning Cycle †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the New Learning And Clinical Reasoning Cycle. Answer: While reflecting on the process and new learning from the clinical reasoning cycle by Levett-Jones et al. (2010), there were many emotional and intellectual responses throughout. The case scenario made me realize that I need to consider my learning needs on the needle phobia and develop my communication skills so that patients overcome their phobia. The incident took place when I was placed in the mental health ward and was asked to take blood from a patient named John who is anxious in nature. As I approached for the bedside consent and prepared myself for the procedure, he declared that he was needle phobic. I said him that I am experienced at taking blood and might explain the whole procedure, however, he was not convinced and at the last minute, he ripped his arm away as the needle touched his skin. The positive approach during the whole incident was that I stayed calm and composed. John apologized, insisted me to try again. I was in peace and tried a new technique by making him listened to music. However, the technique did not work and as there was urgency for the test, I contacted the doctor and assured John that if he needs anything, the doctor would be around. Finally, keeping the urgency in mind, I informed in-charge nurse that I was unable to get the sample by trying reasonable techniques. After the incident, I realized that I failed to make connection with John as I lacked communication skills and unable to obtain the blood sample. It did not work well as I lacked techniques that helped to overcome needle phobia and so need to look for best practices and techniques. I was feeling distressed and disappointed. I also need to enhance my professional communication skills so that I act in a better way and do differently when I encounter such situation in the future. In mental health, effective communication is an essential skill as identified byNursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) required by mental health nurses. It is important that the nurses should build rapport and develop therapeutic relationships, as it is not instinct for everyone. It is important to exercise and encourage reflection that help to develop communication skills while practicing reflection-in action (Ellis 2016). If I were able to establish rapport with John through interpersonal communication skills, he would have agreed for the blood test. While gaining insight from the incident, I realized that I should have communicated with my colleagues regarding the techniques and that might have helped me in obtaining the blood sample. Interpersonal communication is required that help to improve patient satisfaction levels and their adherence to the diagnosis and treatment. After the incident, I communicated with my peers as it can help me promote learning. When I consulte d with my peers regarding the incident, I realized that I have to acquire new skills as well as construct understanding on how to talk and collaborate in learning bets practices on needle phobia. If I would have consulted my peers, I would have been able to solve and handle the situation in a better way by building on their knowledge, asking questions and get suggesting ideas that would have helped me in convincing John for obtaining the blood sample. The social interactions with the colleagues have a positive motivation effect where I gained an insight that I have to enhance my communication skills with the patients so that they overcome their fear and anxiety. After this, I looked for the best practice techniques in the literature and the communication skills that can help patients to overcome needle phobia in the future. The most effective technique for overcoming needle phobia is systematic desensitization and behavioural exposure. According to Iglesias and Iglesias (2013) for the treatment of phobias and anxiety, systemic desensitization is used where the phobic individuals are exposed to situations and through repetition and practice, the anxiety provoking power is gradually lost. For the behavioural exposure method, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) can be used for injection phobia treatment. The management of negative thoughts that lead to anxious situations can be dealt using this intervention (Hofmann et al. 2012). As John mentioned that, the site of blood and withdrawing technique makes him anxious and sick, the anxiety management strategy would have been useful instead of convincing him verbally. The breathing exercises like relaxation technique would have helped him alleviating the anxiety symptoms (Leichsenring et al. 2013). With this technique, the patient overcome fear and phobia by ge tting engaged in relaxation exercise and gradually getting exposed to anxiety-producing stimulus (needle). Creation of trusting dialogue through effective communication with the patient helps to reduce anxiety. It enhances patients self-efficacy and ability to overcome fear and be soothing in the present moment. An important step is to ask the patients about their concerns and feelings regarding needle phobia. Empathetic communication is important to be sensitive and understand the feelings of the patients (Tregoning, 2015). Interpersonal communication skills are important in mental health for developing the capacity to transform and enrichment of patient experiences. Good communication skills help to overcome resistance by providing an appropriate environment and establishing a therapeutic relationship with the patient. According to Peplaus interpersonal theory, empowerment is important for the individuals that provide confidence and strength to overcome their fears (Deane and Fain 2016). At times, anxiety impairs the communication process and therefore, as a nurse, one should attempt to alleviate the anxiety symptoms that help in overcoming the barrier to effective communication. In the case scenario, I should have not given any false assurance to the patient saying that I am experienced in drawing blood and the patient is safe. This acted as a conversation stopper that led to the anxiety and unwillingness of John in sharing his concerns, thoughts and fears to me. I need to develop my active listening skills to understand the underlying feelings and fear of the patient regarding the needle phobia (Cunico et al. 2012). It also helps to gain trust and interpersonal communication can be established. Therefore, while reflecting on the incident, I ensure to consider these learning needs while helping needle phobic patients in the near future. References Cunico, L., Sartori, R., Marognolli, O. and Meneghini, A.M., 2012. Developing empathy innursing students: a cohort longitudinal study.Journal of clinical nursing,21(13-14), pp.2016-2025. Deane, W.H. and Fain, J.A., 2016. Incorporating Peplaus Theory of Interpersonal Relations to Promote Holistic Communication Between Older Adults and Nursing Students.Journal of Holistic Nursing,34(1), pp.35-41. Ellis, P., 2016.Evidence-based practice in nursing. Learning Matters. Hofmann, S.G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I.J., Sawyer, A.T. and Fang, A., 2012. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses.Cognitive therapy and research,36(5), pp.427-440. Iglesias, A. and Iglesias, A., 2013. I-95 Phobia treated with hypnotic systematic desensitization: A case report.American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis,56(2), pp.143-151. Leichsenring, F., Salzer, S., Beutel, M.E., Herpertz, S., Hiller, W., Hoyer, J., Huesing, J., Joraschky, P., Nolting, B., Poehlmann, K. and Ritter, V., 2013. Psychodynamic therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in social anxiety disorder: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.American Journal of Psychiatry,170(7), pp.759-767. Levett-Jones, T., Sundin, D., Bagnall, M., Hague, K., Schumann, W., Taylor, C. and Wink, J., 2010. Learning to think like a nurse.HNE Handover: For Nurses and Midwives,3(1). Tregoning, C., 2015. Communication skills and enhancing clinical practice through reflective learning: a case study.British Journal of Healthcare Assistants,9(2).

Role of Concepts in Health Care-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1. Identify and explain which of Beckys needs are not being met. 2. How does the interference with these needs effect Beckys wellbeing? Include a description of any coping techniques you have identified. 3. Is time management an issue in this scenario? If so, what changes could be made by Elaine, Becky and the other staff members. Answers: 1.The case study reveals the fact that she Becky had been suffering from low esteem. It seems that Becky had developed a sense of negativity for her own self due to her inability to do the task. Becky was not a very confident child from the very beginning and lacked the ability to decisions. It is evident from the case study that Becky had been appointed at the front desk on the very first day of her job without any prior training. A front desk job in a health care setting is quite hectic and needs training to be handled mindfully as one need to interact with different clients, take hundreds of phone calls and keep records of everything (Orth Robins, 2013). The case study gives the information that the other staffs greeted her at the first place but never stood beside her when she actually needed help. It was her first day and her peers would have helped her cope up with the excess workload. Furthermore it can also be seen that they also did not call Becky to have a chat during the break time. Elaine, who has been the mentor of Becky, accused her for her failure to complete the tasks. It is the duty of a mentor to support his/her student at any cost and teach her how to fight and stay calm during excess workload. Elaine could have given time to Becky to get acclimatized with the surroundings instead of just accusing or abusing her. Anxiety, fear, lack of confidence, unrelenting worries, and incapacitating phobia actually further deteriorated her cognitive conditions day by day and she became the victim to alcohol (Steiger et al., 2014). 2.Workplace health and safety is an important part of providing safety, mental or physical to the employees in the workplace. Using these aspects, employee and employer are able to understand the potential hazards that can harm the working environment and culture as well as affect the wellbeing of staff (Zanko Dawson, 2012). In this case scenario, there were two needs of Becky that were identified as not met, proper training and support and warmth from her colleagues. The job Becky was offered demanded confident and skilled person, who will be able to handle clients and attend queries over phone call. However, Becky was shy and lacked self-confidence and in such situation, she needed support from her colleague to understand the process of front desk management. On the other hand, proper training of the process would also her to overcome her nervousness and fear (Goetzel et al., 2014). Although, without these unmet needs, she was unable to fulfill the requirement of her role and due to extensive pressure her confidence trashed and she broke into tears. Those unmet needs make her silent and quite in the office and accept extra tasks despite of any appreciation. Finally she started using 3 to 4 glass of wine to forget all the negativity she used to face in office that affected her mental and physical wellness. Therefore overall, those unmet needs of Becky led her suffer from mental illness throughout the day. Further, the coping technique she used to overcome the illness was usage of alcohol. This habit made her addict, as every day while returning from office, she started drinking wine to forget the work related criticisms she used to face. 3.As Becky was fresher to any kind of work, she got the skills to perform the job, but lacked the skills to manage the job properly, which is time management. Hence, training was a crucial aspect that was crucial in Beckys case. As training would help her to understand the flow of task, maintaining which, she could be able to finish her entire work within the shift hours (Griffin, 2013). However, due to such skills, according to the case scenario, she used to come early to office and work extra hours. Hence, as a mentor of Becky, Elaine should take a session with Becky and discuss her problems regarding work and time management. Further, she should teach Becky the importance of prioritizing work, organizing important files and set goals for each day, which are important aspects for time management for any employee. On the other hand, Elaine should also ask other employees to help Becky with her work, as proper communication with employees would ease Becky and enhance her confidence, which would eventually help her to attain her targets (Ten Brummelhuis Bakker, 2012). Furthermore, for the initial stages, Elaine should delegate tasks to Becky that demands less communication and excess individual work. Successful completion of individual works would help her to gain confidence and she would able to perform other tasks gradually. Therefore Elaine, Becky and entire staff should focus on these changes for the issue of time management. References Goetzel, R. Z., Henke, R. M., Tabrizi, M., Pelletier, K. R., Loeppke, R., Ballard, D. W., ... Serxner, S. (2014). Do workplace health promotion (wellness) programs work?.Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine,56(9), 927-934. Griffin, R. W. (2013).Fundamentals of management, 7th Edn, pp. 123-145, Cengage Learning. Orth, U., Robins, R. W. (2013). Understanding the link between low self-esteem and depression. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(6), 455-460. Steiger, A. E., Allemand, M., Robins, R. W., Fend, H. A. (2014). Low and decreasing self-esteem during adolescence predict adult depression two decades later. Journal of personality and social psychology, 106(2), 325. Ten Brummelhuis, L. L., Bakker, A. B. (2012). A resource perspective on the workhome interface: The workhome resources model.American Psychologist,67(7), 545. Zanko, M., Dawson, P. (2012). Occupational health and safety management in organizations: A review.International Journal of Management Reviews,14(3), 328-344.